Islamic banks
Islamic banks
Islamic banks
Since the banks have emerged in the Muslim world which is growing in importance day by day, and because banks
Today is the balance of economic progress of countries, more the potential and financial activities
Reflected on the overall economy of the state, so countries around the world struggled to control institutions
Banks and financial subsidiaries and to develop systems and policies that ensure their protection until the system is not affected by
Banking-General of the State.
Luster, because banks and alien to the Islamic world, where this is not the economic activity known
Muslims have been affected in this way and Western thought, which is the interest rate is the main activity for the work
Banks, as this type of transaction is forbidden in the law led to the emergence of
Islamic banks, which strives to rid the banking transactions of transactions
Prohibited by law.
The Islamic banking services in its investment banking and brick in the edifice
Islamic economics, and an important tool for the effectiveness of the color from the colors of its applications in society
Islamic, to serve its objectives, and contribute to building the economic reality of the Islamic dimensions of the whole.
I have taken the need in the Muslim world is growing in this era to the need for services
Islamic banking, so banks have been racing to provide this service to its clients and applicants. Meet
To the hopes and aspirations of Muslims in the Islamic presence that fills the human life, and taking their hands to
Linked to their financial transactions and economic activities of Islamic law. Based on this basis and
In order to achieve that end, the spread of Islamic banking in many of the banks
Traditional, and this shows how awareness enjoyed by the financial institutions banking
Islamic societies today and it tries to carry out their duties and meet Islamic banking
To society's need for such services, and to that end I took the Islamic banks in
Geographical spread in the world during the past three decades.
However, the time has come to see the reality of this experience, and governance mechanisms to operate,
And find out what characterized him, and made at the procedural and substantive areas of work
Banking, and this is why we desperately need objective and honest assessment of this experience and knowledge of
What the results achieved and how this experience has been applied, since the evaluation process is an important means
To pay the course of Islamic banking and correct its mistakes. And to ensure the safety of what is offered
Of Islamic banking service.
Activities and services of Islamic banks:
Islamic banks practice most of the work and activities offered by traditional banks, and has focused
Services provided by the banking, finance and investment service, and services
Social.
Or not: Banking Services:
The banking services are the basis of banking in the banks, so banks have been keen
Islamic away from providing any benefits or commissions on their operations because they fall within the circle
Usury is forbidden in Islam. The most important Islamic banking services provided to clients in: -
Or not: accepting deposits: -
Bank accounts of the most important elements of the relationship between the bank and the client, and whose accounts with banks
Vary according to the goal that opened for him, and divided into bank deposits in banks to the four
Sections:
1 / savings deposit: and where the bank bears the burden of material is much
Awareness campaigns in savings, and provide various means of saving, and modeling,
And receipt of deposit and recorded in the account, and provide customer savings book and therefore what is received by
Today is the balance of economic progress of countries, more the potential and financial activities
Reflected on the overall economy of the state, so countries around the world struggled to control institutions
Banks and financial subsidiaries and to develop systems and policies that ensure their protection until the system is not affected by
Banking-General of the State.
Luster, because banks and alien to the Islamic world, where this is not the economic activity known
Muslims have been affected in this way and Western thought, which is the interest rate is the main activity for the work
Banks, as this type of transaction is forbidden in the law led to the emergence of
Islamic banks, which strives to rid the banking transactions of transactions
Prohibited by law.
The Islamic banking services in its investment banking and brick in the edifice
Islamic economics, and an important tool for the effectiveness of the color from the colors of its applications in society
Islamic, to serve its objectives, and contribute to building the economic reality of the Islamic dimensions of the whole.
I have taken the need in the Muslim world is growing in this era to the need for services
Islamic banking, so banks have been racing to provide this service to its clients and applicants. Meet
To the hopes and aspirations of Muslims in the Islamic presence that fills the human life, and taking their hands to
Linked to their financial transactions and economic activities of Islamic law. Based on this basis and
In order to achieve that end, the spread of Islamic banking in many of the banks
Traditional, and this shows how awareness enjoyed by the financial institutions banking
Islamic societies today and it tries to carry out their duties and meet Islamic banking
To society's need for such services, and to that end I took the Islamic banks in
Geographical spread in the world during the past three decades.
However, the time has come to see the reality of this experience, and governance mechanisms to operate,
And find out what characterized him, and made at the procedural and substantive areas of work
Banking, and this is why we desperately need objective and honest assessment of this experience and knowledge of
What the results achieved and how this experience has been applied, since the evaluation process is an important means
To pay the course of Islamic banking and correct its mistakes. And to ensure the safety of what is offered
Of Islamic banking service.
Activities and services of Islamic banks:
Islamic banks practice most of the work and activities offered by traditional banks, and has focused
Services provided by the banking, finance and investment service, and services
Social.
Or not: Banking Services:
The banking services are the basis of banking in the banks, so banks have been keen
Islamic away from providing any benefits or commissions on their operations because they fall within the circle
Usury is forbidden in Islam. The most important Islamic banking services provided to clients in: -
Or not: accepting deposits: -
Bank accounts of the most important elements of the relationship between the bank and the client, and whose accounts with banks
Vary according to the goal that opened for him, and divided into bank deposits in banks to the four
Sections:
1 / savings deposit: and where the bank bears the burden of material is much
Awareness campaigns in savings, and provide various means of saving, and modeling,
And receipt of deposit and recorded in the account, and provide customer savings book and therefore what is received by
Bank fee for this service is legally permissible, because it represents the fees that were provided
Service to the customer.
2 / deposit on demand: the current account, which can be accompanied by clouds of them in
Any time, and represents the beginning of the process of opening the account the relationship between the bank and the client and connects to the service number
Of operations and the customer such as providing books and checks e-card for the exchange and implementation of
Registration for the account and perform checks drawn upon to provide the client with statements that show periodic
The movement of the account and other services. In this case, the Bank may receive from
The customer charge for his process to open the account and service implications.
3 / Deposit Investment deposits are deposited by the client to the Islamic bank to
Investment and working in the bank to be based on speculation and for a definite or indefinite, and enter
With the bank in this type of deposit is one of two ways, namely:
* _ The first agreement with the bank on speculation according to the percentage of the profit
Agreed upon in advance as it is in investment funds.
* _ That the Second Bank of the Islamic role of mediator between the client and the investing companies, and here
In order not to be the bank of the investor in this case the bank's right to a commission in return
Fees.
4 / deposit of the instruments and documents, in which the bank receives the documents from the client and saved after
Adjust the list of reviewed the bank, and gives the client does not Aissa, and the Bank its response to the client when the
Request or at the end of their specified term, in return for payment agreed by them.
Second, the collection and discount commercial paper (bill / bond / check):
* The processes of collection of services that the bank on behalf of clients, and receive a
Bank commission for the provision of that service to the customer, and this process appears in the passport because the commission
Is charged by the bank a fee in the collection.
* The discount of commercial paper - the bill of exchange and promissory note - is the process of transferring ownership
Commercial paper from the client to the bank before the maturity date in return for being its value
Minus the amount of discount.
The question is: What is the Islamic ruling of the discount of commercial papers?
The process of discount form of bank lending, and this process is often in the
Commercial activity and that the nature of the dealings between traders in the liberation of such bonds, and since the
Return of the discount on interest has been banned several attempts to reverse the interest
Other measures can be externalized on the face of legitimate, and these attempts have been taken in many ways is
-
1 / externalized by royalty.
2 / externalized through a similar loan.
3 / externalized on the basis of the sale.
4 / externalized on the basis of a good loan.
5 / externalized on the basis of place and speed.
Third, the documentary credit:
The process of opening credit is one of the important things in foreign trade when you do a export or
Import, so named because it requires to provide documents proving the transfer of ownership of goods exchanged between the
Importer and exporter, due to the bank by the process of opening credit as follows:
1 / wages and expenses to open the credit.
2 / interest earned by the bank against the value paid if the amount of the goods is not covered
Completely. The graduation process can open a documentary credit on the legality of three decades are: -
1 / agency contract. 2 / contract assignment. 3 / guarantee contract.
Therefore, it is based on the process of opening the letter of credit if the correct interest rate to avoid
Interest.
Fourth: The Letters of Guarantee:
Is pledged to the letter of guarantee from the bank to accept paying a certain amount of demand
To the beneficiary in that speech on behalf of the student when the student guarantee certain obligations before
Beneficiary. And the need arises to the letter of guarantee is usually when he finds himself compelled to human
To ensure
Cash to someone when he wants to engage in public tenders, in
In the absence of commitment to agreed terms, or any defect that may happen in implementation, and its purpose
Who wants to demonstrate the seriousness of the tender offer and the implementation of the commitment taken on himself. The speech is divided
Security into two parts: 1 / primary. 2 / final.
Due to the bank by the process of granting the letter of guarantee:
1 / wages and expenses of issuing the letter of guarantee and charged by the bank
For his services.
2 / fees charged by the bank where the quality varies according to the letter of guarantee.
Islamic ruling to the letter of guarantee: The scholars differed concerning the ruling on taking a fee on a warranty,
Some of the scholars that it is not permissible to take a fee on the guarantee. And it has worked hard a lot
To try and find a way to justify the legality of what is being collected from the process of issuing letters of
Warranty.
Fifth, bank transfers: -
Bank transfers from the services provided by banks to their customers and bring in significant revenue
Are several types. The conversion may be internal or external. In the conversion process gets the bank
As follows: -
1 / taxi administrative expenses incurred by the bank to make the conversion.
2 / take what the bank charges of Post, Telegraph and Telephone wages correspondence. These wages
Obtained by the bank does not legally significant.
VI: HIRE fund business: -
The banks provide this service to its customers so that the disposal of the client's wardrobe against the iron
Remuneration received by the Bank for the provision of this service varies depending on the size of the wage and the duration of the Treasury
Benefit from them. This is legitimately the award of contracts and the Bank to take to make this payment
This service.
Seventh: Property Management: -
This service is considered a relatively modern services provided by banks to their clients, in an attempt
To win them over and serve them, check out this service, double the interest of the bank and the client.
Here, the Bank may receive in return for its client, has to take a pay cut, or the proportion of
Specific profits that accrue when the management of these properties.
Eighth: The sale of stocks, bonds and foreign exchange: -
Of the important work carried out by the banks sell securities, currencies and has increased the importance of this
Service after the proliferation and expansion in the establishment of joint stock companies, which have to find a market
For the exchange of shares, which shall do the banks, the Islamic Bank and the sale and purchase of securities
, But must be sound operations of the forbidden, and the currency may be sold and purchased by
Under the terms of exchange value that are permissible. See the sale of exchange
IX: loans: -
Based banks to extend loans and service is the most important services provided by banks and
During this process, banks are high returns, which is a benefit, this benefit is
Ungodly to those who say that the provisions of the banknotes take gold and silver. The Islamic alternative
This process should provide a good bank loans without interest, or to enter the bank as a partner and by
Pre-defined with a student loan.
Second, financial services and investment:
The operations of different banks to help boost the development of society as processes of investment funds
Deposited therein, and the work of investment project in which Islam wants, and takes the investment in banks
Ochka not Islamic and a variety of methods and the most important are: -
1 / speculation. 2 / participation. 3 / Leasing.
4 / sell peace. 5 / Murabaha sale to buy something.
6 / installment sale.
Third: Social Services:
Social services are one of the important services that must be carried out by Islamic banks in
Serve their communities and serve the Islamic banking in general, and these services are in
1 / Bank's role in social investment activity:
* The proportion of employment.
* The interest of the bank financing of poor families and are capable of production.
* Focus on domestic investment, which must be done by the bank of the total investments by
Do.
* Raise awareness of the banking and training students.
2 / Bank's role in the administration of social projects:
* Construction of projects to the environment.
* Provide subsidies and social assistance.
* Organizing conferences and seminars.
3 / Bank's role in collecting and spending zakat and giving good loans.
Marketing services in Islamic banks:
Marketing is the banking center of activity of banks, the main instrument for progress and achieve balanced growth
For its services. Valtsoik banking is of particular importance to banks as to the evolution of banking and
Growth depends on increasing awareness of the availability of marketing the first place, and more important in Islamic banks
That have emerged recently, to the growing customer need for such services and their ignorance of it.
The key banking client, and the satisfaction of desires is the most important factor you should take the banks
In mind, when the bank was able to attract the attention of the largest base of existing customers and potential customers
This was an indication of the success of marketing plans followed by the Bank, that the products or services
Banking on the different types, although they are designed to satisfy the needs and desires of the customer but
Intangible, and so this requires more effort from the bank until the submission and acceptance of those products
Clients. For this, the management of marketing in the banking system is considered the actual engine
For banking operations.
The banking constant need to renew and innovation services and banking products and marketing
New, because the customer needs for material and moral renewed constantly, as well as the presence of
Strong competition between banks to earn as much as possible from the clients.
Sale of Murabaha in Islamic banks
Murabaha carried out by Islamic banks in two ways:
The first is that the client and the Bank agree that the customer purchased the goods at a profit is known after the purchase
Bank it.
On the basis of this sale, the Bank is to buy the item needed by the market based on
Study of the market or at the request of one of his clients requesting the bank to buy a particular good or
Imported from abroad, and shows his desire to purchase from the bank after their arrival, if the Bank is satisfied
Need to market and was bought, he may sell them to a student first purchase or other Murabaha, and that
Bank announces that the purchase value of the item plus the cost of expenses on them, and requests the amount
Certain amount of profit to those who wish it.
The second is that the customer purchased the bank a profit is known just a promise.(Called the commander of the Murabaha sale
Purchase)
In this picture make the client to the bank asking him to buy a specific product specifications determined by the
On the basis of his promise to buy that commodity Murabaha really necessary for him to be agreed upon,
And pay the price in installments according to its potential, which is assisted by his income. See Murabaha sale
Peace in the sale of Islamic banks
The sale of a peace that the investment carried out by Islamic banks and make them good profit
As well as being beneficial to the bank's clients in terms of increasing their production and provision of financial aspects
Them, and Islamic banks have taken this type of contract as the basis for the exercise of some of its activities
Business based on the conditions cited by the scholars in this kind of transaction
Service to the customer.
2 / deposit on demand: the current account, which can be accompanied by clouds of them in
Any time, and represents the beginning of the process of opening the account the relationship between the bank and the client and connects to the service number
Of operations and the customer such as providing books and checks e-card for the exchange and implementation of
Registration for the account and perform checks drawn upon to provide the client with statements that show periodic
The movement of the account and other services. In this case, the Bank may receive from
The customer charge for his process to open the account and service implications.
3 / Deposit Investment deposits are deposited by the client to the Islamic bank to
Investment and working in the bank to be based on speculation and for a definite or indefinite, and enter
With the bank in this type of deposit is one of two ways, namely:
* _ The first agreement with the bank on speculation according to the percentage of the profit
Agreed upon in advance as it is in investment funds.
* _ That the Second Bank of the Islamic role of mediator between the client and the investing companies, and here
In order not to be the bank of the investor in this case the bank's right to a commission in return
Fees.
4 / deposit of the instruments and documents, in which the bank receives the documents from the client and saved after
Adjust the list of reviewed the bank, and gives the client does not Aissa, and the Bank its response to the client when the
Request or at the end of their specified term, in return for payment agreed by them.
Second, the collection and discount commercial paper (bill / bond / check):
* The processes of collection of services that the bank on behalf of clients, and receive a
Bank commission for the provision of that service to the customer, and this process appears in the passport because the commission
Is charged by the bank a fee in the collection.
* The discount of commercial paper - the bill of exchange and promissory note - is the process of transferring ownership
Commercial paper from the client to the bank before the maturity date in return for being its value
Minus the amount of discount.
The question is: What is the Islamic ruling of the discount of commercial papers?
The process of discount form of bank lending, and this process is often in the
Commercial activity and that the nature of the dealings between traders in the liberation of such bonds, and since the
Return of the discount on interest has been banned several attempts to reverse the interest
Other measures can be externalized on the face of legitimate, and these attempts have been taken in many ways is
-
1 / externalized by royalty.
2 / externalized through a similar loan.
3 / externalized on the basis of the sale.
4 / externalized on the basis of a good loan.
5 / externalized on the basis of place and speed.
Third, the documentary credit:
The process of opening credit is one of the important things in foreign trade when you do a export or
Import, so named because it requires to provide documents proving the transfer of ownership of goods exchanged between the
Importer and exporter, due to the bank by the process of opening credit as follows:
1 / wages and expenses to open the credit.
2 / interest earned by the bank against the value paid if the amount of the goods is not covered
Completely. The graduation process can open a documentary credit on the legality of three decades are: -
1 / agency contract. 2 / contract assignment. 3 / guarantee contract.
Therefore, it is based on the process of opening the letter of credit if the correct interest rate to avoid
Interest.
Fourth: The Letters of Guarantee:
Is pledged to the letter of guarantee from the bank to accept paying a certain amount of demand
To the beneficiary in that speech on behalf of the student when the student guarantee certain obligations before
Beneficiary. And the need arises to the letter of guarantee is usually when he finds himself compelled to human
To ensure
Cash to someone when he wants to engage in public tenders, in
In the absence of commitment to agreed terms, or any defect that may happen in implementation, and its purpose
Who wants to demonstrate the seriousness of the tender offer and the implementation of the commitment taken on himself. The speech is divided
Security into two parts: 1 / primary. 2 / final.
Due to the bank by the process of granting the letter of guarantee:
1 / wages and expenses of issuing the letter of guarantee and charged by the bank
For his services.
2 / fees charged by the bank where the quality varies according to the letter of guarantee.
Islamic ruling to the letter of guarantee: The scholars differed concerning the ruling on taking a fee on a warranty,
Some of the scholars that it is not permissible to take a fee on the guarantee. And it has worked hard a lot
To try and find a way to justify the legality of what is being collected from the process of issuing letters of
Warranty.
Fifth, bank transfers: -
Bank transfers from the services provided by banks to their customers and bring in significant revenue
Are several types. The conversion may be internal or external. In the conversion process gets the bank
As follows: -
1 / taxi administrative expenses incurred by the bank to make the conversion.
2 / take what the bank charges of Post, Telegraph and Telephone wages correspondence. These wages
Obtained by the bank does not legally significant.
VI: HIRE fund business: -
The banks provide this service to its customers so that the disposal of the client's wardrobe against the iron
Remuneration received by the Bank for the provision of this service varies depending on the size of the wage and the duration of the Treasury
Benefit from them. This is legitimately the award of contracts and the Bank to take to make this payment
This service.
Seventh: Property Management: -
This service is considered a relatively modern services provided by banks to their clients, in an attempt
To win them over and serve them, check out this service, double the interest of the bank and the client.
Here, the Bank may receive in return for its client, has to take a pay cut, or the proportion of
Specific profits that accrue when the management of these properties.
Eighth: The sale of stocks, bonds and foreign exchange: -
Of the important work carried out by the banks sell securities, currencies and has increased the importance of this
Service after the proliferation and expansion in the establishment of joint stock companies, which have to find a market
For the exchange of shares, which shall do the banks, the Islamic Bank and the sale and purchase of securities
, But must be sound operations of the forbidden, and the currency may be sold and purchased by
Under the terms of exchange value that are permissible. See the sale of exchange
IX: loans: -
Based banks to extend loans and service is the most important services provided by banks and
During this process, banks are high returns, which is a benefit, this benefit is
Ungodly to those who say that the provisions of the banknotes take gold and silver. The Islamic alternative
This process should provide a good bank loans without interest, or to enter the bank as a partner and by
Pre-defined with a student loan.
Second, financial services and investment:
The operations of different banks to help boost the development of society as processes of investment funds
Deposited therein, and the work of investment project in which Islam wants, and takes the investment in banks
Ochka not Islamic and a variety of methods and the most important are: -
1 / speculation. 2 / participation. 3 / Leasing.
4 / sell peace. 5 / Murabaha sale to buy something.
6 / installment sale.
Third: Social Services:
Social services are one of the important services that must be carried out by Islamic banks in
Serve their communities and serve the Islamic banking in general, and these services are in
1 / Bank's role in social investment activity:
* The proportion of employment.
* The interest of the bank financing of poor families and are capable of production.
* Focus on domestic investment, which must be done by the bank of the total investments by
Do.
* Raise awareness of the banking and training students.
2 / Bank's role in the administration of social projects:
* Construction of projects to the environment.
* Provide subsidies and social assistance.
* Organizing conferences and seminars.
3 / Bank's role in collecting and spending zakat and giving good loans.
Marketing services in Islamic banks:
Marketing is the banking center of activity of banks, the main instrument for progress and achieve balanced growth
For its services. Valtsoik banking is of particular importance to banks as to the evolution of banking and
Growth depends on increasing awareness of the availability of marketing the first place, and more important in Islamic banks
That have emerged recently, to the growing customer need for such services and their ignorance of it.
The key banking client, and the satisfaction of desires is the most important factor you should take the banks
In mind, when the bank was able to attract the attention of the largest base of existing customers and potential customers
This was an indication of the success of marketing plans followed by the Bank, that the products or services
Banking on the different types, although they are designed to satisfy the needs and desires of the customer but
Intangible, and so this requires more effort from the bank until the submission and acceptance of those products
Clients. For this, the management of marketing in the banking system is considered the actual engine
For banking operations.
The banking constant need to renew and innovation services and banking products and marketing
New, because the customer needs for material and moral renewed constantly, as well as the presence of
Strong competition between banks to earn as much as possible from the clients.
Sale of Murabaha in Islamic banks
Murabaha carried out by Islamic banks in two ways:
The first is that the client and the Bank agree that the customer purchased the goods at a profit is known after the purchase
Bank it.
On the basis of this sale, the Bank is to buy the item needed by the market based on
Study of the market or at the request of one of his clients requesting the bank to buy a particular good or
Imported from abroad, and shows his desire to purchase from the bank after their arrival, if the Bank is satisfied
Need to market and was bought, he may sell them to a student first purchase or other Murabaha, and that
Bank announces that the purchase value of the item plus the cost of expenses on them, and requests the amount
Certain amount of profit to those who wish it.
The second is that the customer purchased the bank a profit is known just a promise.(Called the commander of the Murabaha sale
Purchase)
In this picture make the client to the bank asking him to buy a specific product specifications determined by the
On the basis of his promise to buy that commodity Murabaha really necessary for him to be agreed upon,
And pay the price in installments according to its potential, which is assisted by his income. See Murabaha sale
Peace in the sale of Islamic banks
The sale of a peace that the investment carried out by Islamic banks and make them good profit
As well as being beneficial to the bank's clients in terms of increasing their production and provision of financial aspects
Them, and Islamic banks have taken this type of contract as the basis for the exercise of some of its activities
Business based on the conditions cited by the scholars in this kind of transaction
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